Events

An overview of the various event types that can be encountered throughout our services.

Event Types

The following table lists all event types and the triggers that generate them. An overview of event types per device can be found on the Devices page.

Event Name	Event Type	Trigger
Touch	touch	When touched.
Temperature	temperature	Every periodic heartbeat and when touched.
Object-Present	objectPresent	PRESENT/NOT_PRESENT state change.
Humidity	humidity	Every periodic heartbeat and when touched.
Object Present Count	objectPresentCount	Every periodic heartbeat.
Touch Count	touchCount	Every periodic heartbeat.
Water Present	waterPresent	PRESENT/NOT_PRESENT state change.
CO2	co2	Every periodic heartbeat.
Pressure	pressure	Every periodic heartbeat.
Motion	motion	MOTION_DETECTED / NO_MOTION_DETECTED state change.
Desk Occupancy	deskOccupancy	OCCUPIED / NOT_OCCUPIED state change.
Contact	contact	OPEN / CLOSED state change.
Probe Wire Status	probeWireStatus	Probe wire state change.
Battery Status	batteryStatus	See event details.
Network Status	networkStatus	Every periodic heartbeat and together with trigger-based events.
Labels Changed	labelsChanged	When a device label is created, modified, or removed.
Connection Status	connectionStatus	Changes in connection type.
Ethernet Status	ethernetStatus	Changes in the ethernet connection.
Cellular Status	cellularStatus	Changes in the cellular connection.

Structure

All event types available through our API use the same outer layer structure, shown in the snippet below, where event metadata is found. Information specific to each event type is found in the data field.

{
    "eventId": "<EVENT_ID>",
    "targetName": "projects/<PROJECT_ID>/devices/<DEVICE_ID>",
    "eventType": "<EVENT_TYPE>",
    "data": {
            "See each event type individually below."
        }
    },
    "timestamp": "2021-07-05T13:15:01.576753Z"
}

Field	Type	Description
eventId	string	The unique identifier of the Event. This can be used to deduplicate events in case the same event is published multiple times.
targetName	string	The resource name of the source device. Includes both the identifier of the project the device is currently in, and the identifier of the device itself.
eventType	string	The event type.
data	struct	Includes the event data and is specific for each eventType. See the event types below for a detailed description of each field that can be found here.
timestamp	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

There are four places where events can be encountered in our services.

1. The reported field of a Device when listing devices through REST API.

2. When pushed to a client using the event stream REST API endpoint.

3. When fetching historical data through the event history REST API endpoint.

4. When pushed by a Data Connector to another server.

Periodic Heartbeat

All sensors send a Network Status event at a predefined interval depending on sensor type. Depending on the sensor type, this heartbeat may be accompanied by additional events. For instance, the Temperature sensor will also send a Temperature event every heartbeat.

Triggered Events

A few of our sensors are designed to send events immediately at some trigger. These are sent in addition to, but independent of, the periodic heartbeat.

• Object Present Event for Proximity Sensors.

• Water Present Event for Water Detector Sensors.

• Touch Event for Touch Sensors.

A Network Status Event accompanies each triggered event.

Timestamps

Here are a few notes regarding timestamps and how they are presented in our services.

Timezone Offset

All timestamps fetched using our APIs are always given in UTC and must be accounted for. DT Studio will, however, always shows timestamps depending on user locale.

Format

The RFC 3339 format with fractional seconds is used for our timestamps. This is an internet-specific profile of the ISO 8601 specification, and an example can be seen below.

• 2021-05-16T08:13:15.361624Z.

Variations

A result of how our events are structured is that two different timestamp fields can be found in each event when fetching them through our API. The timestamp and updateTime fields are located in the outer layer and data field of an event respectively, but will always contain the same value.

You may use either timestamp or updateTime when deciding when an event was received.

A third type, sampleTime, can only be found within the Temperature Event. These represent the timestamps of inter-heartbeat samples and are estimated by our cloud. Read more.

Event Details

The following event types are available in our APIs. A table of which event types are available per device type and their triggers can be found on the Devices page.

Touch Event

• Event Type: touch

• Trigger: When touched.

Most of our devices will send a Touch Event when touched. This can be useful for identification.

An exception to this is Counting Touch Sensors, which aggregate each touch into a Touch Count Event sent every periodic heartbeat. To force a single Touch Event, hold your finger on the sensor for 3 seconds.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a touch event.

{
    "touch": {
        "updateTime": "2021-05-16T08:13:15.361624Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Temperature Event

• Event Type: temperature

• Trigger: Every periodic heartbeat or when touched.

  • Note: 2nd Gen Temperature Sensors and 3rd Gen Temperature Sensors will only send temperature on heartbeats, and not when touched.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a temperature event.

{
    "temperature": {
        "value": 24.9,
        "samples": [
            {
                "value": 24.9,
                "sampleTime": "2021-05-16T08:15:48.223962Z"
            },
            {
                "value": 24.3,
                "sampleTime": "2021-05-16T08:15:18.318751Z"
            },
            {
                "value": 24.4,
                "sampleTime": "2021-05-16T08:14:48.872918Z"
            },
            ...
        ],
        "updateTime": "2021-05-16T08:15:18.318751Z",
        "isBackfilled": false
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
value	float	Temperature value in Celsius.
samples	[struct]	A list of temperature samples and timestamps sampled since the previous heartbeat, ordered newest-to-oldest. Its length is equal to the configured samples per heartbeat, which is 1 by default.
samples[].value	float	Sample temperature value in Celsius.
samples[].sampleTime	string	Estimated sample timestamp on the RFC 3339 format. Read more.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.
isBackfilled	bool	Indicates if the temperature event is backfilled. The backfill feature is supported for Temperature Probe Sensors and Temperature Sensors with Data Backfill. When this field is true, the temperature value was measured while the sensor was out of reach of an online Cloud Connector, and has been backfilled automatically after getting back online. See the Backfill page in our Help Center for more information about Data Backfill.

Samples per Heartbeat Configuration

Our 2nd and 3rd generation temperature sensors can be configured to sample up to 30 samples per heartbeat. If enabled, these inter-heartbeat samples will be contained in a list found under the samples field, accompanied by a timestamp called sampleTime. By default, if no configuration is enabled, this list contains only the single temperature value and timestamp found in the temperature event. Read more.

Object-Present Event

• Event Type: objectPresent

• Trigger: When an object in close proximity appears or disappears.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of an objectPresent event.

{
    "objectPresent": {
        "state": "NOT_PRESENT",
        "updateTime": "2021-05-16T08:37:10.711412Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
state	string	Indicates whether an object is "PRESENT" or "NOT_PRESENT".
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Humidity Event

• Event Type: humidity

• Trigger: Every periodic heartbeat or when touched.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a humidity event.

{
    "humidity": {
        "temperature": 22.45,
        "relativeHumidity": 17,
        "updateTime": "2021-05-16T06:13:46.369000Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
temperature	float	Temperature value in Celsius.
relativeHumidity	float	Relative humidity in percent.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Object Present Count Event

• Event Type: objectPresentCount

• Trigger: Every periodic heartbeat.

This event aggregates Object Present Events and sends the total lifetime count every periodic heartbeat.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of an objectPresentCount event.

{
    "objectPresentCount": {
        "total": 4176,
        "updateTime": "2021-05-16T08:23:43.209000Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
total	int	The total number of times the sensor has detected the appearance or disappearance of an object over its lifetime. This can currently not be reset.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Touch Count Event

• Event Type: touchCount

• Trigger: Every periodic heartbeat.

This event aggregates each Touch Event and sends the total lifetime count every periodic heartbeat. To force a single Touch Event to be sent, hold your finger on the sensor for 3 seconds.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a touchCount event.

{
    "touchCount": {
        "total": 469,
        "updateTime": "2021-05-16T08:25:21.604000Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
total	int	The total number of times the sensor has been touched over its lifetime. This can currently not be reset.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Water Present Event

• Event Type: waterPresent

• Trigger: When the sensor detects the appearance or disappearance of water.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a waterPresent event.

{
    "waterPresent": {
        "state": "PRESENT",
        "updateTime": "2021-05-16T08:43:16.266000Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
state	string	Indicates whether water is "PRESENT" or "NOT_PRESENT".
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

CO2 Event

• Event Type: co2

• Trigger: Every periodic heartbeat.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a co2 event.

{
    "co2": {
        "ppm": 499,
        "updateTime": "2022-02-16T09:02:35.979000Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
ppm	int	CO2 in parts per million.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Pressure Event

• Event Type: pressure

• Trigger: Every periodic heartbeat.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a pressure event.

{
    "pressure": {
        "pascal": 98644,
        "updateTime": "2022-02-16T09:02:35.979000Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
pascal	int	Barometric pressure in Pascal.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Motion Event

• Event Type: motion

• Trigger: Every periodic heartbeat.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a motion event.

{
    "motion": {
        "state": "MOTION_DETECTED",
        "updateTime": "2022-04-22T11:45:57.454551Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
state	string	Indicates whether MOTION_DETECTED or NO_MOTION_DETECTED.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Desk Occupancy Event

• Event Type: deskOccupancy

• Trigger: When the state changes between OCCUPIED and NOT_OCCUPIED.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a deskOccupancy event.

{
    "deskOccupancy": {
        "state": "NOT_OCCUPIED",
        "remarks": [],
        "updateTime": "2022-05-30T14:23:50.728000Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
state	string	Indicates whether the sensors reports OCCUPIED or NOT_OCCUPIED.
remarks	[string]	Additional information about the estimated state field value. Read more below.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Remarks

We use the remarks field to relay additional information to the user about the estimated state field in the deskOccupancy event. If the field is empty, nothing is out of the ordinary.

The remarks field can contain none, one, or a combination of the following remarks.

• INCOMPLETE_DATA: The model has determined that the occupancy accuracy may be degraded due to insufficient data. If your connection is poor, we recommend using a Range Extender to improve the connection or adding one or more additional Cloud Connectors to extend your coverage.

Remarks are automatically highlighted in DT Studio as shown in the figure below.

Contact Event

• Event Type: contact

• Trigger: When the state of a contact sensor changes between OPEN and CLOSED.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a contact event.

{
    "contact": {
        "state": "OPEN",
        "updateTime": "2023-05-30T14:23:50.728000Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
state	string	Indicates whether the sensors reports OPEN or CLOSED.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Probe Wire Status Event

• Event Type: probeWireStatus

• Trigger: When wires are plugged in or unplugged from a temperature probe sensor.

These are the possible state values for the event:

State	Description
TWO_WIRE	A 2-wire probe has been connected to the sensor.
THREE_WIRE	A 3-wire probe has been connected to the sensor.
FOUR_WIRE	A 4-wire probe has been connected to the sensor.
INVALID_WIRE_CONFIGURATION	Either too few wires are connected to the sensor, or the wires are connected to the wrong terminals. Look at the Datasheet for more information.
INVALID_COEFFICIENT_CONFIGURATION	The coefficient configuration in Studio does not match the probe that's connected to the sensor. This may happen if a PT100 probe is connected to the sensor, but the coefficients for a PT1000 probe is configured in Studio.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a probeWireStatus event.

{
    "probeWireStatus": {
        "state": "THREE_WIRE",
        "updateTime": "2023-05-30T14:23:50.728000Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
state	string	Indicates whether the probe wire state is INVALID_WIRE_CONFIGURATION, INVALID_COEFFICIENT_CONFIGURATION, TWO_WIRE, THREE_WIRE or FOUR_WIRE.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Network Status Event

• Event Type: networkStatus

• Trigger: Every periodic heartbeat.

This event describes the current connectivity state of a sensor. It is sent in addition to other events and contains information like the signal strength to the Cloud Connector it propagated through.

Proximity to multiple Cloud Connectors

One networkStatus event is sent for each Cloud Connector that heard the sensor. As shown in the snippet below, when fetching events through a stream, Data Connector, or event history, each networkStatus event contains only a single entry in the cloudConnectors field. When listing a device, these individual networkStatus events are merged and all displayed in the reported field.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a networkStatus event.

{
    "networkStatus": {
        "signalStrength": 45,
        "rssi": -83,
        "updateTime": "2021-05-16T08:21:21.076013Z",
        "cloudConnectors": [
            {
                "id": "bdkjbo2v0000uk377c4g",
                "signalStrength": 45,
                "rssi": -83
            }
        ],
        "transmissionMode": "LOW_POWER_STANDARD_MODE"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
signalStrength	int	The percentage signal strength (0% to 100%) of the strongest Cloud Connector, derived directly from the RSSI value.
rssi	int	Raw Received Signal Strength Indication as measured by the Cloud Connector with the strongest signal.
cloudConnectors	[struct]	The Cloud Connector that forwarded the event.
cloudConnectors[].id	string	Unique Cloud Connector identifier.
cloudConnectors[].signalStrength	int	The percentage signal strength (0% to 100%) between the sensor and Cloud Connector.
cloudConnectors[].rssi	int	Raw Received Signal Strength Indication between the sensor and Cloud Connector.
transmissionMode	string	Indicated whether the sensor is in "LOW_POWER_STANDARD_MODE" or "HIGH_POWER_BOOST_MODE".
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Battery Status Event

• Event Type: batteryStatus

• Trigger: Approximately once per day.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a batteryStatus event.

{
    "batteryStatus": {
        "percentage": 100,
        "updateTime": "2021-05-16T08:21:21.076013Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
percentage	int	A coarse percentage estimate (0% to 100%) of the remaining battery.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Labels Changed Event

• Event Type: labelsChanged

• Trigger: When a device label is added, modified, or removed.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a labelsChanged event.

{
    "added": {
        "label-key": "label-value"
    },
    "modified": {
        "label-key": "new-label-value"
    },
    "removed": [
        "remove-key1",
        "remove-key2"
    ]
}

Field	Type	Description
added	struct	Key- and value pairs of new labels added, both of string type.
modified	struct	Key- and value pairs of modified labels, both of string type. The value is the new updated value.
removed	[string]	A list of keys of removed labels.

Connection Status Event

• Event Type: connectionStatus

• Trigger: Changes in connection for a Sensor or Cloud Connector.

This event is sent when a Sensor or Cloud Connector changes which type of connection it has. This is the recommended way to determine if a device is online or offline.

These are the possible status values for a device's connection status:

Connection	Description
SDS	Used for Sensors when they are online. SDS is the Secure Data Shot protocol.
ETHERNET	Used for Cloud Connectors when they are online and communicate to the Cloud through an ethernet cable.
CELLULAR	Used for Cloud Connectors when they are online and communicate to the Cloud through a cellular connection. Note that a cellular connection might have a higher latency than an ethernet connection, so prefer to use an ethernet cable whenever possible.
OFFLINE	Used for both Sensors and Cloud Connectors when they are determined to be offline. Cloud Connectors are determined to be offline 5–15 minutes after they've lost their connection to the Cloud. Sensors are determined to be offline once the Cloud hasn't received a Periodic Heartbeat within the expected time period, depending on the heartbeat interval of the sensor. The current threshold is max(15 min, HeartbeatInterval * 1.5), but this is subject to change.

For a Cloud Connector, if both ETHERNET and CELLULAR connections are available, ETHERNET is prioritized.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a connectionStatus event for a Cloud Connector that is connected through ETHERNET.

{
    "connectionStatus": {
        "connection": "ETHERNET",
        "available": [
            "CELLULAR",
            "ETHERNET"
        ],
        "updateTime": "2021-05-16T08:21:21.076013Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
connection	string	Whether the current connection is SDS, ETHERNET, CELLULAR, or OFFLINE.
available	[string]	A list of the string types of networks available to the device. For Cloud Connectors, this can contain the values ETHERNET, CELLULAR, or both. For Sensors, it will contain only SDS when its online. This field will be empty when the device's connection is OFFLINE.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Ethernet Status Event

• Event Type: ethernetStatus

• Trigger: Changes in Cloud Connector ethernet connection.

This event is sent when the ethernet status for a Cloud Connector changes, such as when it gets connected to ethernet or when it receives a new IP address. Note that this means that a Cloud Connector has to be connected to ethernet at least once to get the MAC address of the Cloud Connector through an ethernetStatus event.

The information in this event can be useful for locating a Cloud Connector on the local network or open the necessary ports in a corporate firewall.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of an ethernetStatus event.

{
    "ethernetStatus": {
        "macAddress": "f0:b5:b7:00:0a:08",
        "ipAddress": "10.0.0.1",
        "errors": [
            {"code": 404, "message": "Not found"},
        ],
        "updateTime": "2021-05-16T08:21:21.076013Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
macAddress	string	The MAC address of the local network interface.
ipAddress	string	The IP address of the Cloud Connector on the local network.
errors	[struct]	Any errors related to connecting to the local network.
errors[].code	int	Error status code.
errors[].message	string	A description of the error.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.

Cellular Status Event

• Event Type: cellularStatus

• Trigger: Changes in Cloud Connector cellular connection.

The following snippet shows the event data field content of a cellularStatus event.

{
    "cellularStatus": {
        "signalStrength": 80,
        "errors": [
            {"code": 404, "message": "Not found"},
        ],
        "updateTime": "2021-05-16T08:21:21.076013Z"
    }
}

Field	Type	Description
signalStrength	int	Cellular reception signal strength (0% to 100%) of the Cloud Connector.
errors	[struct]	Any errors related to connecting to the local network.
errors[].code	int	Error status code.
errors[].message	string	A description of the error.
updateTime	string	Timestamp of when a Cloud Connector received the event, represented on the RFC 3339 format.